1.Titanium and titanium alloy
Titanium and titanium alloys own density is small, better corrosion resistance, titanium is a strong passivation tendency of the metal, in the air and oxidising or neutral aqueous solution can be generated within a short period of stable oxidative protective film, even if the interference by a variety of factors prompted by the damage to the film, but also can be automatically restored, titanium in oxidising, neutral media, performance for excellent corrosion resistance. Because titanium has strong passivation properties, in a variety of conditions and dissimilar metal contact, and does not accelerate corrosion, may accelerate dissimilar corrosion. Titanium within the amount of iron on some of the medium within the corrosion resistance performance there is a certain interference, iron increase is mostly due to the welding process inclusions part of the iron penetration of the weld channel, prompted by a significant increase in the amount of local iron content, and its corrosion has an inhomogeneous nature. With the rapid development of China's economy, such new metal materials into the people's field of vision, commonly used in automobiles, electronics, aviation and chemical industry, etc. In the 1980s, the United States aviation titanium accounted for 74.8% of the total amount of titanium, Britain, Russia and other countries titanium is also mainly used in the aviation industry, Japan, more than 90% of titanium used in civil industry. With the increasing proportion of titanium and titanium alloy materials used in non-aviation industry, aviation as its core application position, titanium parts play a key role in a number of aircraft components. At the same time, in the marine industry ship production, titanium has a better application results, in recent years the marine oil and gas exploration and development of titanium plays an important role, mainly used in the construction of suspended production and operation of the ship, the new platform life safety systems need 50 to 500 t of titanium. Selection of titanium in the energy industry is known to be used as a power generation unit condenser and heat exchanger, with a significant increase in the amount of titanium. Marine oil and gas drilling and geothermal development, the main selection of a number of titanium alloys, marine fasteners are also used, in order to meet the objective needs of marine engineering, China has developed Ti75, Ti31 and Ti631.
2. Αλουμίνιο και Αλουμίνιο Κράματα
Aluminium and aluminium alloys not only have better thermal conductivity, easy to form, and the economy is very prominent, commonly used in aerospace, transportation and other fields. Along with the high-speed development of electric power enterprises, smelting technology is gradually improved and optimized in practice, and its cost-effectiveness is significantly enhanced. Nowadays, as the main force of aluminium alloy material application in the transportation industry, the application of aluminium and aluminium alloy in the fields of aviation and aerospace, transportation and automobile is increasing day by day. First, the application of civil aircraft. Each aircraft aluminium alloy rivets contain 40 ~ 1.5 million, according to Boeing Aircraft Company statistics, the manufacture of various types of civil aircraft more than 30 million, a total of 7,100 kt of aluminium, each using aluminium are 22 t. Aluminium-lithium alloys itself has a high specific stiffness, corrosion resistance, instead of the original aluminium alloy can contribute to the whole component self-weight stronger, stiffness is significantly improved, is regarded as aerospace and aviation of the most ideal structural materials. Secondly, the application in the field of automobile. Automotive aluminium alloy material 3/4 for casting aluminium alloy, for the most critical engine components, transmission components and chassis walking parts, deformed aluminium alloy is mainly used for heat exchanger system and body parts. Foam aluminium is regarded as a good material for automobiles with development potential in the future, and its quality is lighter than that of steel parts, and about 20% of automobile body parts can be manufactured with foam aluminium, which also reduces the pollution to the environment.
3. Magnesium and magnesium alloy applications
Magnesium and magnesium alloy by virtue of excellent physical and mechanical properties, become the most promising materials, as well as the 21st century green metal materials, magnesium will become the fastest growing demand for non-ferrous metals. On the one hand, automobiles, motorbikes and other transport products. Countries on the car energy saving and tailpipe emissions requirements are becoming more and more stringent, in order to achieve such goals, the requirements of automobile manufacturers need to apply more high and new technology, the production of lighter weight, less fuel consumption, to meet the environmental needs of the car. According to actual calculations, a 10 per cent reduction in the weight of a car can significantly improve its actual fuel efficiency. Magnesium as a practical application of the lightest quality of the metal structure materials, in the car weight reduction and performance optimisation and improvement in the key to become people pay attention to, each car manufacturers will magnesium alloy manufacturing parts as the core development direction. In Europe and the United States, different automobile manufacturers will choose magnesium alloy parts as the vehicle development leading mark, Volkswagen, Audi and other automobile manufacturers have chosen magnesium alloy. On the other hand, magnesium alloy automobile industry to magnesium alloy large demand, promote magnesium alloy production technology of a number of breakthroughs, magnesium alloy actual application cost decline, help magnesium alloy in the computer, instrumentation within the application development. Magnesium alloy application development more rapidly is the electronic information and instrumentation industry, the number of its larger, wider coverage, in recent years, the electronic information industry magnesium alloy actual depletion increased, is pulling the global magnesium consumption increased core factors.